Myocardial infarction [MI] 2nd year BAMS

By-Zainab Khan

2^nd year BAMS SPSAMC.

Guided by –Dr. GEETHA NAYAK

Contents:

• What is MI?
• Location of the infarction
• MI CLASSIFICATION
• Introduction about each type
• Causes Symptoms
• Heart attack symptoms
• Risk factor Medication
• Diagnosis for MI
• MI medication treatment
• MI treatment procedure
• Prevention
• Conclusion

What is mi?

• A heart attack is when blood vessels that supply blood to heart is blocked preventing enough oxygen getting to heart .This leads to heart muscles to die.

Location of the infarction

MI’s can be located in the anterior , septal,lateral ,posterior ,or inferior walls of mostly the left ventricle of the heart

MI CLASSIFICATION:

1.ANATOMIC – Subendocardial(Partial area) and Transmural(Whole area) ž 2.Diagnostic– Non ST elevation [NSTEMI] and ST elevation [STEMI]

Transmural(whole)

Nstemi:

• ST segment depression
• T wave changes
• No Q wave development
• Mild enzyme elevation

Stemi:

• ST segment elevation
• T wave changes
• Q wave development
• Enzyme elevation
• (Troponin I, Troponin II,Creatine kinase Enzymes M & R)

Causes:

• Smoking
• High LDL cholesterol levels
• High blood pressure
• Diabetes
• Chronic kidney diseases

SYMPTOMS

• Severe & crushing chest pain/pressure – might radiate upto left arm or jaw Diaphoresis(sweating)
• Nausea
• Fatigue
• Dyspnea

OTHER SYMPTOMS:

• Anxiety
• Cough
• Fainting
• Light –hotheadedness ,dizziness
• Nausea or vomiting
• Palpitations-feeling like heart is beating too fast or irregularly
• Women are more likely to have atypical symptoms than men

Risk factor:

• Tobacco use leads to damage of blood vessels walls.The body response to this type of injury elicts to formation of atheroscerosis and its progression increases the risk of MI.
• Hypertension
• Diabetes mellitus
• Hyperlipidemia
• Lack of exercise
• Obesity
• High blood cholesterol

Medication:

• Aspirin
• Oxygen supply
• Nitroglycerin
• Morphine
• Heparin